strings_practice.py

#Print the second letter of the string:
a = "Hello, World!"
print(a[1])

#loop through the letters in the word "banana":
for x in "banana":
  print(x)

#length of a string
print(len(a))

#check if "free" is present in the string:
txt = "The best things in life are free!"
print("free" in txt)
if "free" in txt:
  print("Yes, 'free' is present.")

#
b = " Hello, World! "
# slice the charcters from exact position
print(b[2:5])

# slice from the start
print(b[:5])

# slice to the end
print(b[2:])

# slice with negative index
print(b[-5:-2])

# modify the string
print(b.upper())
print(b.lower())
print(b.strip())
print(b.replace("H", "J"))
print(b.split(","))

# concatenate strings
a = "Hello"
b = "World"
c = a + " " + b
print(c)

# format strings fstrings
age = 36
txt = f"My name is John, I am {age}"
print(txt)

# placeholders and modifiers
price = 59
txt = f"The price is {price} dollars"
print(txt)
txt = f"The price is {price:.2f} dollars"
print(txt)
txt = f"The price is {20 * 59} dollars"
print(txt)

txt = "We are the so-called \"Vikings\" from the north."
print(txt)

#Escape Character
#To insert characters that are illegal in a string, use an escape character.
#An escape character is a backslash \ followed by the character you want to insert.

# Single Quote
txt = 'It\'s alright.'
print(txt) 

# backslash
txt = "This will insert one \\ (backslash)."
print(txt) 

# new line
txt = "Hello\nWorld!"
print(txt) 

#carriage return
txt = "Hello\rWorld!"
print(txt)

# tab
txt = "Hello\tWorld!"   
print(txt) 

#backspace
txt = "Hello\bWorld!"   
print(txt)

# Form feed
txt = "Hello\fWorld!"       
print(txt)

# octal value
txt = "Hello\110\145\154\154\157"
print(txt)

# hexadecimal value
txt = "Hello\x48\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"
print(txt)